之前在網路上看到有網友推薦改用 nginx，「據說」效能比較好，之前有試裝一下，但是 drupal 的 multi-site 的設定有一點點小麻煩，懶得研究，就把這件事一直拖著。昨晚，表妹來家裡泡茶，我跟著喝了兩大杯，趁晚上睡不著的時候，決定來好好實驗一下。

在 BSD 上要裝 nginx 很簡單，到 /usr/ports/www/nginx 裡打個 make install 就裝起來了，它的 php 支援則是要透過 FastCGI 的介面，這一部份其實可以透過 spawn-fcgi 來完成。之前在網路上查到的資料，說要先裝 lighttpd 然後再把它的 spawn-fcgi 複製出來再反安裝 lighttpd。我試了一下，其實 spawn-fcgi 可以單獨安裝，到 /usr/ports/www/spawn-fcgi 裡 make install 一樣輕鬆搞定。裝完 nginx 與 spawn-fcgi 之後，在 /etc/rc.conf 加入以下兩行:

spawn_fcgi_enable="YES"
nginx_enable="YES"

然後再

/usr/local/etc/rc.d/spawn-fcgi start
/usr/local/etc/rc.d/nginx start

將服務啟動。

==========

先來說明一下伺服器提供的服務，這部機器上有 mysql-server 以及 web，因為之前覺得一般在學校的網路應用(網站)的使用率不會太高，負載其實不怎麼大，所以把一堆應用服務全放在同一台機器上，透過 Virtual Host 的設定提供服務。基本上大部份的服務都是利用 drupal 架設的。

• app.dcsh.tp.edu.tw(drupal，應用服務)
  在同一個 Document Root 透過 drupal 的 multi-site 的設定，其實它還有幾個分身:
  cc.dcsh.tp.edu.tw(資訊組)
  engweb.dcsh.tp.edu.tw(英文網站)
  repair.dcsh.tp.edu.tw(報修系統)
  repair.dcsh.tp.edu.tw/construction/(施工意見)
  site.dcsh.tp.edu.tw/pa/(家長會)
• sub.dcsh.tp.edu.tw(drupal，學科網站)
  同樣，各科各設一個分身:
  sub.dcsh.tp.edu.tw/hs-chi/
  sub.dcsh.tp.edu.tw/jh-eng/
  ...
• query.dcsh.tp.edu.tw(自行撰寫的簡單成績查詢)
• gallery.dcsh.tp.edu.tw(gallery，網路相簿)

==========

我將 /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf 裡的所有 server 設定全拿掉，改透過 include 的方式，將 virtual host 的設定分成一個個獨立的檔案。

http {
    include mime.types;
    ...
    ...
    include /usr/local/etc/nginx/vhosts/*.conf; # <- 新增這行，記得要自己建 vhosts 這個資料夾
}

===== _default.conf BEGIN =====

server {
    listen      80 default; # 注意 default
    server_name _;
    charset     utf-8;
    access_log  /home/www/logs/default.access.log main;
    error_log   /home/www/logs/default.error.log error;
    root        /home/www/sites/app.dcsh.tp.edu.tw;

    location / {
        index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        error_page  404 = @drupal;
    }

    location @drupal {
        rewrite ^/(construction|pa)/(.*)$   /$1/index.php?q=$2 last;
        rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?q=$1 last;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
     error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/local/www/nginx-dist;
    }

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

===== _default.conf END / sub.conf BEGIN =====

server {
    listen      80;
    server_name sub sub.dcsh.tp.edu.tw;
    charset     utf-8;
    access_log  /home/www/logs/sub.access.log main;
    error_log   /home/www/logs/sub.error.log error;
    root        /home/www/sites/sub.dcsh.tp.edu.tw;

    location / {
        index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        error_page  404 = @subsite;
    }

    location @subsite {
        rewrite ^/([^/]*-[^/]*|df-olp|glcp|h1n1|nano|tmp)/(.*)$ /$1/index.php?q=$2  last;
        rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?q=$1 last;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/local/www/nginx-dist;
    }

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

===== sub.conf END / query.conf BEGIN =====

server {
    listen      80;
    server_name query query.dcsh.tp.edu.tw;
    charset     utf-8;
    access_log  /home/www/logs/query.access.log main;
    error_log   /home/www/logs/query.error.log error;
    root        /home/www/sites/query.dcsh.tp.edu.tw;

    location / {
        index  index.php index.html index.htm;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/local/www/nginx-dist;
    }

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

===== query.conf END / gallery.conf BEGIN =====

server {
    listen      80;
    server_name gallery gallery.dcsh.tp.edu.tw;
    charset     utf-8;
    access_log  /home/www/logs/gallery.access.log main;
    error_log   /home/www/logs/gallery.error.log error;
    root        /home/www/sites/gallery.dcsh.tp.edu.tw;

    location / {
        index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        error_page  404 = @gallery;
    }

    location @gallery {
        rewrite ^/d/([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)/([^?]+)$ /main.php?g2_view=core.DownloadItem&g2_itemId=$1&g2_serialNumber=$2&g2_fileName=$3 last;
        rewrite ^/v/([^?]+)$ /main.php?g2_path=$1 last;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/local/www/nginx-dist;
    }

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

===== gallery.conf END =====

改完 nginx 的設定之後，記得要重跑 nginx 才會生效:

/usr/local/etc/rc.d/nginx restart